signal transduction

signal transduction
The cascade of processes by which an extracellular signal (typically a hormone or neurotransmitter) interacts with a receptor at the cell surface, causing a change in the level of a second messenger (for example calcium or cyclic AMP) and ultimately effects a change in the cell\'s functioning (for example, triggering glucose uptake, or initiating cell division). Can also be applied to sensory signal transduction, eg. of light at photoreceptors.

Dictionary of molecular biology. 2004.

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